A DOI (Digital Object Identifier) can be used as an alternative to a URL.
Look for the abbreviated journal title in the field "NLM Title Abbreviation". For example, the journal JAMA Cardiology would be listed in a reference as JAMA Cardiol.
3.11.2 Names of Journals
Online Article (DOI):
Author(s). Title. Journal Name [using National Library of Medicine abbreviations]. Year;vol(issue):inclusive pages. doi: [doi number].
Emmanuel Y, Thorne SA. Heart disease in pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;29(5):579-97. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2015.04.002.
Online Article (no DOI):
Author(s). Title. Journal Name [using National Library of Medicine abbreviations]. Year;vol(issue):inclusive pages. [URL]. Accessed [date].
Emmanuel Y, Thorne SA. Heart disease in pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;29(5):579-97. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26026739. Accessed November 21, 2017.
3.15 Electronic References, 3.15.1 Online Journals
eBook Chapter:
Author(s). Chapter title. In: Editor(s), eds. Book Title. [Edition number, if it is the second edition or above] ed. City, State of publisher: Publisher's name; copyright year:inclusive pages. [URL]. Accessed [date].
Alpers CE, Chang A. The kidney. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC, eds. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2015:897-957. https://ntserver1.wsulibs.wsu.edu:3244/#!/content/book/3-s2.0-B9781455726134000207. Accessed November 21, 2017.
eBook:
Author(s). Book Title. [Edition number, if it is the second edition or above] ed. City, State of publisher: Publisher's name; copyright year. [URL]. Accessed [date].
Gordis L. Epidemiology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2014. https://ntserver1.wsulibs.wsu.edu:3244/#!/browse/book/3-s2.0-C20090629858. Accessed November 21, 2017.
3.15 Electronic References, 3.15.2 Books and Books on CD-ROM
For an article, use the journal citation style.
World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/. Updated October 19, 2013. Accessed November 27, 2017.
For a monograph, use the book citation style.
Johnson DL, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG. Secondary School Students. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 2001. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2000; vol 1. NIH publication 01-4924. http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/vol1_2000.pdf. Published August 2001. Accessed November 27, 2017.
3.15 Electronic References, 3.15.5 Government/Organization Reports
Webpage:
Author(s). Title of the specific item cited. Name of the Web site. [URL]. Published [date]. Updated [date]. Accessed [date].
*If no title of the webpage is given, use the name of the organization responsible for the site
*If an element is missing, skip it and move on to the next element.
Harrison P. In US, 4 out of 10 cancers could be prevented. Medscape. https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/888976. Published November 21, 2017. Accessed November 21, 2017.
3.15 Electronic References, 3.15.3 Web Sites
If linking to topics note that UpToDate states that "deep links to our topic pages may change."
Example citation:
Friedman LS. Approach to the patient with abnormal liver biochemical and function tests. In: UpToDate, Connor RF (Ed), Wolters Kluwer. (Accessed on March 8, 2024.)