Citations are listed in notes (footnotes or endnotes) and can be included in a bibliography. If the bibliography includes all works cited in the notes, the note citations can be shortened. For works with no bibliography or a selected list, notes must include full details.
Example:
"This," wrote George Templeton Strong, "is what our tailors can do." (In an earlier book he had said quite the opposite.)2
author | date | title | subtitle | editor, compiler or translator | edition | volume | series title | volume number | publisher city | publisher name
** It is important to note that throughout this Chicago Style guide the examples do not have the proper hanging indentation for reference/bibliography entries. Hanging indentation means the second and any subsequent lines of the citation are indented.
Bibliography Example:
Johnson, Laura. The Way Things Were. Boston: Logan Press, 2002.Full Footnote Example:
1. Laura Johnson, The Way Things Were (Boston: Logan Press, 2002), 14-15.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Johnson, The Way Things Were, 3.
Bibliography Example:
Lumpkin, Leslie. Country Singin' Ain't for Me. Washington, DC: Country Press. 1989. ProQuest Ebrary.Full Footnote Example:
1. Leslie Lumpkin, Country Singin' Ain't for Me (Washington, DC: Country Press, 1989), 55, ProQuest Ebrary.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Lumpkin, Country Singin' Ain't for Me, 3-4.
Bibliography Example:
Lumpkin, Leo R., Craig Simpson, and John Hellsmuth. Country Singin' Ain't for Me. Washington, DC: Country Press, 1989.Full Footnote Example:
1. Leo R. Lumpkin, Craig Simpson, and John Hellsmuth. Country Singin' Ain't for Me (Washington, DC: Country Press, 1989), 15.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Lumpkin, Country Singin', 77-78.
Bibliography Example:
Lumpkin, Leo R., Craig Simpson, Alice Simpson, Melissa Burns, Jackie Lovejoy, Barry Gumble, Sarah Christian, et al. Country Singin' Ain't for Me. Washington, DC: Country Press. 1989.Full Footnote Example:
1. Lumpkin et al., Country Singin' Ain't for Me, (Washington, DC: Country Press, 1989), 52.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Lumpkin et al., Country Singin', 9.
Bibliography Example:
Country Singin' Ain't for Me. Washington, DC: Country Press. 1989.Full Footnote Example:
1. Country Singin' Ain't for Me, (Washington, DC: Country Press, 1989), 444-45.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Country Singin', 29.
Bibliography Example:
Lumpkin, Leslie. Country Singin' Ain't for Me. Edited by Ron Powers and Larry Simpson. Washington, DC: Country Press. 1989.Full Footnote Example:
1. Leslie Lumpkin, Country Singin' Ain't for Me, ed. Ron Powers and Larry Simpson (Washington, DC: Country Press, 1989), 38.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Lumpkin, Country Singin', 23.
author | date | article title | journal title | volume | issue | page numbers | DOI (Digital Object Identifier) | database name | URL
** It is important to note that throughout this Chicago Style guide the examples do not have the proper hanging indentation for reference/bibliography entries. Hanging indentation means the second and any subsequent lines of the citation are indented.
Bibliography Example:
Skinner, Simon. "Evolution or Intelligent Design: The Menu Model of Elementary Science Instruction." Science Educator 32, no.2 (2005): 75-108. https://doi.org/10.1086/599247.Full Footnote Example:
1. Simon Skinner, "Evolution or Intelligent Design: The Menu Model of Elementary Science Instruction," Science Educator 32, no.2 (2005): 84, https://doi.org/10.1086/599247.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Skinner, "Evolution or Intelligent Design," 98.
Bibliography Example:
Scofield, Sunashi. "The Building Blocks for Youth Agency: Theories and Methods." Journal of Marriage and Divorce 58 (2009): 2-27. JSTOR.Full Footnote Example:
1. Sunashi Scofield, "The Building Blocks for Youth Agency: Theories and Methods," Journal of Marriage and Divorce 58 (2009): 14, JSTOR.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Scofield, "The Building Blocks for Youth Agency," 25.
author | year | article title | newspaper name | month and day of publication | section | edition
** It is important to note that throughout this Chicago Style guide the examples do not have the proper hanging indentation for reference/bibliography entries. Hanging indentation means the second and any subsequent lines of the citation are indented.
Bibliography Example:
Zucker, Harry A. "Where are Today's Leonardo's?" USA Today, June 3, 2009 Editorial section, first edition.Full Footnote Example:
1. Harry A. Zucker, "Where are Today's Leonardo's?" USA Today, June 3, 2009 Editorial section, first edition, 2.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Zucker, "Where are Today's Leonardo's?" 3.
Bibliography Example:
Chen, Nancy. "Five Ways to Combat Disease." Newsweek, October 18, 2005. ProQuest Global Newsstream.Full Footnote Example:
1. Nancy Chen, "Five Ways to Combat Disease," Newsweek, October 18, 2005, ProQuest Global Newsstream.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Chen, "Five Ways to Combat Disease."
Bibliography Example:
"Volcanic Lava Destroys Home and Businesses." News York Times, October 3, 1936. http://www.nytimes.com/VolcanicLava/1936database.com.Full Footnote Example:
1. "Volcanic Lava Destroys Home and Businesses," News York Times, October 3, 1936, 10, http://www.nytimes.com/VolcanicLava/1936database.com.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. "Volcanic Lava Destroys," 10-11.
author | year | title | subtitle | site | URL | date accessed
** It is important to note that throughout this Chicago Style guide the examples do not have the proper hanging indentation for reference/bibliography entries. Hanging indentation means the second and any subsequent lines of the citation are indented.
Bibliography Example:
Google. “Privacy Policies.” Last modified April 29, 2017. https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/.Full Footnote Example:
1. Google, “Privacy Policies,” last modified April 29, 2017, https://www.google.com/policies/privacy/.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Google, “Privacy Policy.”
Bibliography Example:
White House. “Budget & Spending.” Accessed June 27, 2018. https://www.whitehouse.gov/issues/budget-spending/.Full Footnote Example:
1. White House, “Budget & Spending,” accessed June 27, 2018, https://www.whitehouse.gov/issues/budget-spending/.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. White House, “Budget & Spending.”
Bibliography Example:
Cleese, James, Tara Gilliam, Yoshi Wagnishi, Thomas Jones and Margaret Palin. 2001. "Commentaries." Disc 2. The Long Road Home, special ed. DVD. Directed by Tara Gilliam and Thomas Jones. Culver City, CA: Columbia Tristar Home Entertainment.Full Footnote Example:
1. James Cleese et al., "Commentaries," Disc 2, The Long Road Home, special ed. DVD, directed by Tara Gilliam and Thomas Jones, Culver City, CA: Columbia Tristar Home Entertainment, 2001.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Cleese, "Commentaries."
author | title | type of content | academic institution | date
** It is important to note that throughout this Chicago Style guide the examples do not have the proper hanging indentation for reference/bibliography entries. Hanging indentation means the second and any subsequent lines of the citation are indented.
Bibliography Example:
Dinsmore, Brad Adam. "Conversations with Iraqi Immigrants" PhD diss., Washington State University, 2009.Full Footnote Example:
1. Brad Adam Dinsmore, "Conversations with Iraqi Immigrants" (PhD diss., Washington State University, 2009), 99-100.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Dinsmore, "Conversations," 24.
creator name | year of filing | year of filing | patent title | edition | country code | patent number | filed date | issued date
** It is important to note that throughout this Chicago Style guide the examples do not have the proper hanging indentation for reference/bibliography entries. Hanging indentation means the second and any subsequent lines of the citation are indented.
Bibliography Example:
Kurzweil, Randall Chris. "Generating Visual Art." US Patent 7,098,917, filed January 22, 2002, and issued August 29, 2006.Full Footnote Example:
1. Randall Chris Kurzweil, "Generating Visual Art," (US Patent 7,098,917, filed January 22, 2002, and issued August 29, 2006), 99-100.Abbreviated Footnote Example:
2. Kurzweil, "Visual Art," 24.